Notes
-In order for the Dutch to get to India they establish a colony in the Cape of Good Hope
-The colony advances north towards Pretoria where they are met by tribes moving south
-The Afrikaans are convinced that they hold the right to have their own state, however the English believe that they hold right to colonize South Africa
-The second Boer war begins in 1899
-The British Empire is sent to fight the Boers and at the start is losing
-Cecil Rhodes and Lord Kitchener are brought in to turn around the British war effort; they resort to dirty tactics such as concentration camps (women and children), and scorched earth
-These tactics were used to bring the Boers to a battlefield that the British had the advantage
-After the British won, South Africa was granted commonwealth status and Britain helped rebuild its politics and economy
-The Afrikaans dominated the politics (20% of the population)
-80% of the population was black and they demanded political recognition
-They form the African Nation Congress (ANC)
-1939, the Afrikaans support Nazi Germany because of the British action in the Boer war and Hitler’s supremacy views (Dutch Reform Church)
-In 1948 the Nationalist party, which holds close ties to the Dutch Reform Church, believed that whites are taking care of the blacks and creates the Apartheid lead by Daniel Francois Maulan
-First step was the classification of blacks and interbreeding was banned
-Next step was the group areas act (1950) that was geographic separation that leads to the separate amenities act 1953
-Applied the Canadian reserve and residential school program to the blacks
-Created white towns by forcing blacks into black only areas through the creation of “homelands” or Bantustans in 1966
-There was a legal separation, whites weren’t allowed in black areas and vise versa
-The blacks got 13% of the land and were 80% population
-The ANC lead by Albert Luthuli
-1960, Sharpsville massacre occurs when the blacks attempt to protest results in 200 casualties
-In response riots erupt and state of emergency is declared
-Spear of the nation is the violent wing of the ANC lead by Nelson Mandela
-In 1956 he is charged with treason and was acquitted in 1961
-Goes to Robben Island in 1964 until 1989 even though he was sentenced to life
-SA withdraw from the commonwealth in 1961
-The Afrikaans viewed South African in a similar way that Jews view Israel
-Foreign natives was the term to describe blacks in white areas
-They pass the Afrikaans medium decree that stated that you can learn Afrikaans or English (1974)
-This triggers the Soweto uprising to demonstrate their displeasure
-More than 1500 police arrive and open fire, 600 killed
-The Bantustans were set up diversely in pockets all over South Africa
-Soweto results in a white movement to end apartheid by university students
-South Africa gets banned from all international events
-1985 a state of emergency is declared by Prime Minister Botha
-By 1989 Botha is out of power and DeKlerk is elected
-DeKlerk wants change and believes in freedom
-DeKlerk legalizes the ANC and DeKlerk frees Mandela from prison
-This was the unofficial end of the apartheid
-In 1993 Madela and DeKlerk win the Nobel peace prize
-Mandela is elected and introduces the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
-In order for the Dutch to get to India they establish a colony in the Cape of Good Hope
-The colony advances north towards Pretoria where they are met by tribes moving south
-The Afrikaans are convinced that they hold the right to have their own state, however the English believe that they hold right to colonize South Africa
-The second Boer war begins in 1899
-The British Empire is sent to fight the Boers and at the start is losing
-Cecil Rhodes and Lord Kitchener are brought in to turn around the British war effort; they resort to dirty tactics such as concentration camps (women and children), and scorched earth
-These tactics were used to bring the Boers to a battlefield that the British had the advantage
-After the British won, South Africa was granted commonwealth status and Britain helped rebuild its politics and economy
-The Afrikaans dominated the politics (20% of the population)
-80% of the population was black and they demanded political recognition
-They form the African Nation Congress (ANC)
-1939, the Afrikaans support Nazi Germany because of the British action in the Boer war and Hitler’s supremacy views (Dutch Reform Church)
-In 1948 the Nationalist party, which holds close ties to the Dutch Reform Church, believed that whites are taking care of the blacks and creates the Apartheid lead by Daniel Francois Maulan
-First step was the classification of blacks and interbreeding was banned
-Next step was the group areas act (1950) that was geographic separation that leads to the separate amenities act 1953
-Applied the Canadian reserve and residential school program to the blacks
-Created white towns by forcing blacks into black only areas through the creation of “homelands” or Bantustans in 1966
-There was a legal separation, whites weren’t allowed in black areas and vise versa
-The blacks got 13% of the land and were 80% population
-The ANC lead by Albert Luthuli
-1960, Sharpsville massacre occurs when the blacks attempt to protest results in 200 casualties
-In response riots erupt and state of emergency is declared
-Spear of the nation is the violent wing of the ANC lead by Nelson Mandela
-In 1956 he is charged with treason and was acquitted in 1961
-Goes to Robben Island in 1964 until 1989 even though he was sentenced to life
-SA withdraw from the commonwealth in 1961
-The Afrikaans viewed South African in a similar way that Jews view Israel
-Foreign natives was the term to describe blacks in white areas
-They pass the Afrikaans medium decree that stated that you can learn Afrikaans or English (1974)
-This triggers the Soweto uprising to demonstrate their displeasure
-More than 1500 police arrive and open fire, 600 killed
-The Bantustans were set up diversely in pockets all over South Africa
-Soweto results in a white movement to end apartheid by university students
-South Africa gets banned from all international events
-1985 a state of emergency is declared by Prime Minister Botha
-By 1989 Botha is out of power and DeKlerk is elected
-DeKlerk wants change and believes in freedom
-DeKlerk legalizes the ANC and DeKlerk frees Mandela from prison
-This was the unofficial end of the apartheid
-In 1993 Madela and DeKlerk win the Nobel peace prize
-Mandela is elected and introduces the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Subjunctive Question
If the ANC was not legalized would the apartheid still have ended before the 21st century?
3...2...1...
Divided, Unjust, Leadership
Without the leadership of Mandela, would the blacks of South Africa been heard?
If the British had kept control would the apartheid ever have even taken place?
Freedom is the teeth to chew the food of liberty.